Ultrasonic sensors

Ultrasonic sensors

Ultrasonic sensors are sensors that use ultrasonic waves with low frequencies from 20kHz to 40kHz through acoustic impedance to detect an obstacle or movement of an object.

Application and operation of ultrasonic sensors

Ultrasonic sensors are very important in building automation and maintaining various electrical systems that depend on certain conditions. They are suitable for use in industry in various technological processes, where it is necessary to determine liquid levels in open and closed tanks.

Method of operation

The principle of operation is to change the energy of the sound wave when passing through media with different acoustic resistance. Ultrasonic sensors are universal in controlling any type of liquids: transparent and optically opaque, explosive and fire hazardous, aggressive, electrically conductive and electrically non-conductive.

Also a great advantage of ultrasonic sensors is their ability to measure distance to such complex objects as granules, bulk materials, liquids, transparent or highly reflective surfaces.

Sensors with ultrasonic frequencies are characterized by high noise immunity, fire and explosion safety, simple construction, resistance to shock and vibration, a wide range of temperature and pressure. High accuracy and fast response. Such a converter first emits a short ultrasonic pulse. At the same time, an internal timer is turned on in the sensor. When the pulse reflected from the object returns to the sensor, the timer stops. The time between

Elements of an ultrasonic sensor

• emitter - creates ultrasonic waves that are emitted;
• receiver - an electronic device that captures the reflected waves;
• controller - an electronic processor that analyzes the waves, the time for travel from emission to reception. Then it calculates the distance.
• operational amplifiers - electronic components for amplifying or filtering the signal;