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Fluorescent lamps can vary in sizes and shapes such as: tubes, 2D, circular, PL(compact) and of course the widespread energy saving lamps. They belong to the class of gas-discharge lamps because they operate on the principle of inert gas discharge (argon, neon, etc..). perforemed by electric impulse passing between the anode and cathode of the lamp. The bubble of the fluorescent lamps is covered with phosphor (mono-phosphor) containing phosphorus and sometimes mercury compounds. In new models lamps, these harmful compounds are substituted with three phosphorus coatings. The coatings are 3 and located on the inner side of the lamp. Each of these coatings is working in their own spectrum range and thus leads to excellent luminous characteristics. This type of lamps are about 20 % higher in light output and an excellent color rendering, as well as twice a long life (approximately 20,000 hours ). In the discharge of gas, it emits UV light which causes the phosphor to fluoresce and emits light in visible spectrum.
In order to function properly, fluorescent lamps require a special device, called a ballast, which provides the necessary high voltage (about 1000V) for the lamp ignition and then it is limiting the flowing current through the bulb. Along with the throttle, the fluorescent lamps have been equipped with a starter, which is a device used to close the electrical circuit when turning on the lamp.
In the new fluorescent fixtures, the choke and starter have been replaced by electronic ballast which performs the same function. In energy saving lamps this electronic ballast is built into the lamp socket which allows them to be directly switched to the power grid (220 VAC).
Fluorescent lighting is more economical and energy-efficient than incandescent bulbs and the light emitted is close to the daily one as a spectrum. They are mainly used in commercial and industrial buildings, but often are used in households and institutions.
Vikiwat Ltd. is a distributor of a wide range of fluorescent lamps and fixtures of famous Bulgarian and imported brands at competitive prices.
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