Bridge rectifiers

Bridge rectifier - Gretz scheme

Rectifier

A rectifier is an essential electronic component in electronics that converts alternating AC electric current to direct DC. The output current of most rectifiers is not stable, but usually pulsating, as in order to prevent damage to electrical devices, it is combined with various filters. In combination with a rectifier, it is usually used together with a capacitor, choke or voltage stabilizer.

Rectifier classification

• thyristor
• diode

 

• low voltage - up to 100V
• medium voltage - 100 ~ 1000V
• high voltage - over 1000V

 

• single phase
• three-phase
• multiphase

The Gretz scheme

The Gretz scheme is a type of bridge rectifier, single-phase, diode, in the arms of which four diodes are included. It is used to convert alternating electrical energy into direct, direct current. In one diagonal of the diagram, the secondary winding of a transformer is connected, and in the other - a load. It is characterized by bidirectional rectification, that is, it rectifies both half periods of the input sine wave. At the input of the Gretz circuit type rectifier, an alternating voltage is supplied, which may or may not be sinusoidal, as the current flows through only two of the diodes, the other two being blocked. The result is an output voltage with a pulsating frequency twice that of the supply voltage.

Rectifiers in particular Gretz circuit are an essential electrical component in the construction of various LED and switching power supplies for lighting that require constant voltage, inverters and voltage converters in industry and industry and others.

Important

Checking the functionality of a rectifier

• 1. Find the bridge rectifier marking - Instead of the AC symbol you will see ripples, which means this is the incoming signal. You will then notice the plus and minus signs that correspond to the positive and negative ranges of direct current.
• 2. The check is done with a multimeter (multiset)
• 3. We set the multimeter in the diode test mode - . The bridge rectifier test is done in this mode, since the output signal comes from the diodes in it. If you choose to use another measurement mode, you will get wrong test results.
• 4. Test the incoming AC current - if the readings are very high, it means that electricity is flowing out of the diodes in the wrong direction.
• 5. Test the diodes - if the multimeter reads around 0.7V it indicates they are working properly, however if you get a higher reading it means the bridge rectifier is damaged and dangerous and needs to be replaced with a new one .

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