A diode is a semiconductor electronic element that conducts an electric current in a p-n transition in one direction from positive to negative charged particles. A zener diode, also called a zener diode, is a diode that turns on in the reverse direction and is primarily used for voltage stabilization. Named after Clarence Zenner.
When installed in an electrical circuit, the reference diode (stabiltron) is switched on in parallel with the load resistance, and at a certain voltage a breakdown occurs, which does not damage it. Low-voltage zener diodes (up to 6 V) are made of low-resistance material and work with a tunnel breakdown, when the voltage increases above 7V, an avalanche breakdown occurs.
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