A transistor is a basic semiconductor element that consists of three terminals and three series-connected areas with different doping that determines the transition of the transistor (PNP or NPN). Its main task is amplification, switching and conversion of electrical signals and part of all modern electrical devices.
The name IGBT comes from Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor. IGBT is a three-electrode bipolar power electronic element used mainly as a power electronic switch in switching power supplies, inverters and in electric drive control systems. The IGBT combines the qualities of two transistors: field and bipolar - high input resistance at a low level of control power, as well as low residual value of the voltage in the on state. It combines a very high impedance FET with switching to a bipolar transistor. It is extremely popular in modern electric cars and wherever large currents are needed to be switched