A transistor is a basic semiconductor element that consists of three terminals and three series-connected areas with different doping that determines the transition of the transistor (PNP or NPN). Its main task is amplification, switching and conversion of electrical signals and part of all modern electrical devices.
The name MOSFET comes from metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor), that is, MOSFET is a field-effect transistor with an insulated grid, where the voltage determines the conductivity of the device. It is an electronic version of a key. MOS switches are widely used in computers, microprocessors, memories, peripheral circuits and more. Advantages: high input resistance, low power consumption, better temperature stability, low sensitivity to radiation. They are used in power electronics, audio technology, medical electronics, integrated circuits, computer, automotive, aviation, space industries, household appliances, etc. They can be of two types: P-channel MOS-P-FET and N-channel MOS-N-FET respectively.